Effectiveness of Aquatic Occupational Therapy to Support Water Competency of Children on the Autism Spectrum.

This study tested AquOTic, a 10-week water therapy program for autistic children aged 5-9. The program combines swimming lessons with occupational therapy techniques in small groups. After the program, both parents and therapists saw big improvements in children's water safety skills and swimming abilities. Parents felt much more satisfied with their child's progress. The program mainly helped with movement skills, water safety awareness, and how children handle different sensations in water.

This pre-post cohort study evaluated AquOTic, a 10-week manualized occupational therapy intervention designed to improve water competency in children on the autism spectrum aged 5-9 years (N=37, 28 boys). The intervention combines evidence-based therapeutic techniques with individualized therapy delivered in a group setting. Results showed significant improvements in both caregiver-rated performance and satisfaction (COPM) and therapist-rated goal achievement (GAS) with large effect sizes (d=2.1-2.3). Goals primarily focused on motor skills, safety awareness in aquatic environments, and sensory functions, all mapping to the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework.

The study addresses the critical need for water safety interventions in this high-risk population for drowning.

AquOTic shows promise as an effective occupational therapy intervention for improving water competency in autistic children. The structured, goal-oriented approach targeting motor skills, safety awareness, and sensory processing may be valuable for addressing drowning risk in this vulnerable population. Further controlled studies are needed to establish efficacy.

This is a pre-post design without a control group, limiting causal inferences. Sample size details are unclear. The study is described as being based on a larger RCT but presents only cohort data. Generalizability beyond the specific age range and setting is uncertain.

There is a critical need for therapeutic water competency (water safety and swim skills) interventions tailored to meet the needs of children on the autism spectrum, a group that is at high risk for drowning. To examine the effect of AquOTic on caregiver- and therapist-based water competency goals for children on the autism spectrum. Pre-post cohort design based on a larger randomized controlled trial. County Board of Developmental Disabilities therapy pool.

Children on the autism spectrum (N = 37; 28 boys) ages 5 to 9 yr were recruited from the local community. AquOTic is a manualized 10-wk occupational therapy-based water competency intervention for children on the autism spectrum. AquOTic incorporates evidence-based therapeutic techniques and embeds individualized therapy (interventionist-child dyads) in a group environment. Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM) and Goal Attainment Scaling (GAS) were completed at baseline and post intervention.

Children showed significantly higher GAS T scores and COPM Performance and Satisfaction scores post-AquOTic compared with baseline (effect size d = 2.1-2.3). All goals mapped onto the Occupational Therapy Practice Framework (4th ed.), with motor skills emerging as the most common category for both caregiver- and therapist-derived goals, followed by safety awareness in the aquatic environment and sensory functions. Children on the autism spectrum demonstrated improved caregiver- and therapist-based water competency goals following the AquOTic intervention. Plain-Language Summary: This study examined the effect of AquOTic, an occupational therapy-based intervention, on parent/caregiver- and therapist-based goals related to water safety and swim skills among children on the autism spectrum.

Caregivers identified goals for their children, and therapists developed goals that guided the intervention. After completing the 10-wk intervention, children showed improvements in both caregiver perceptions of their performance and satisfaction with goals set as well as therapist-rated goals. Our results highlight the value and effectiveness of an occupational therapy-based water competency intervention to improve water competency among children on the autism spectrum.